Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

The macula is the central area of the retina, which is responsible for sharp vision. Damage (degeneration) can occur in this area, which particularly affects people over the age of 50. There are 2 types of AMD:

• Dry AMD: The dry form is the most common form with 90%. Small yellow deposits called drusen form in the area of the macula and atrophy (damage) of the central retina occurs. This leads to blurred, distorted vision or blind spots.
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• Wet AMD: Wet AMD is less common, but much more aggressive in progression. It forms from dry AMD, but in addition, abnormal blood vessels sprout to the macula. Leakage of blood and fluid occurs, resulting in rapid and severe vision loss. The main symptoms of wet AMD are rapid decrease in visual acuity and distorted vision.

The exact cause of AMD is unclear, the risk increases with age, smoking and unbalanced diet. A family history may also play a role.

While there is currently no convincing therapy for dry AMD, the rapid progression of visual deterioration in wet AMD can be stopped with medication. The earlier the treatment can be started, the better the prognosis. So if you have symptoms of acute vision deterioration with distorted or wavy lines, a central dark or blind spot, or difficulty recognizing and reading faces, we recommend that you contact us or another eye care practice quickly.